Apparatus for the manufacture of pottery warr



R. H. WAINFORD AND (1. H. DARLING.

APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF POTTERY WARE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 17. 1919.

1,408,663. Patented Mar. 7, 1922.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

2 L 1 .a' v 49 1 INVENTOR ;Z-J KW A TTORNEY R. H. WAINFORD AND 0. H. DARLING.

APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF POTTERY WARE.

APPLICATION FILED HAY I], I919.

1 ,408,663. Patented Mar. 7, 1922.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

l TTORNEY R. H. WAINFORD AND 0. H. DAITLING.

APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTUREOF POTTERY WARE. APPLICATION FILED MAY 17. 1919.

1,408,663, Patented Mar. 7, 1922.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3- A TTOR/VE Y n. H. WAINFORD AND 0. H. DARLING.

APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFAGTURE 0F POTTERY WARE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 17. 1919.

1,408,663. Pawnt d Mar- 7, 1922.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

A TTORNEY UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

RICHARD HANBURY WAENFOBD AND CHARLES EAR/RY DARLING, OF TRENTON, NEW JERSEY.

APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF POTTERY WARE Application filed May 17,

siding at said Trenton, have jointly invented a new and useful Apparatus for the Manufacture of Pottery Ware, of which the following is a specification,

In the manufacture of table ware, such as plates, cups, saucers and similarly formed pottery ware, the clay used is first formed into slabs on what is known as a batting machine. These slabs of clay are then placed on molds and are formed thereon in a jigger and then are dried in a heated apartment or in a drying-stove, when the ware is in a condition to be removed from the molds and finished for the biscuit'kiln, Heretofore these 0 erations have required much handling of t e ware and considerable labor and have occupied considerable time. When drying-stoves are used for driving the moisture from the molded ware, the

were is placed upon ware-boards within the stove through an opening in the wall of the stove; and these ware-boards are kept in constant motion within the stove until the ware is, delivered by them at the other end of the stove, thoroughl dried, and is removed from the ware-board for further treatment. As the wareboards are in constant motion within the d ing-stove, any irregularity of delivery of t e moist ware into the stove results in loss of capacity of the stove, loss of time and reduction of the quantity of ware dried and delivered by the stove.

The object of our invention is to provide practical means by which a batting-machine, a jigger and a drying stove may be so combined that the movement of the ware-boards of the drying-stove shall be controlled by the operation of the batting-machine and so timed in their movement that the full capacity of the drying-stove shall be automatically utilized and certain manual labor shall be dispensed with.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, we have shown a batting-machine and a jigger combined with a drying-stove generally similar to the drying-stove described and claimed in United States Letters Patent, No. 1,289,976,

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 7, 1922.

1919. Serial No. 297,754.

%ranted to Richard Ha'nbury Wainford on ecember 31, 1918, for drying-stove; and in said drawings Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic plan View of one complete a paratus and illustrating the assemblage o a plurality of such mechanisms, the top of the casin of the middle drying-stove bein remove?! to disclose the means for venti ating the stove; Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the apparatus with the side casing of the dryingstove removed; Fig. 3 is a plan View of the batting-machine and jigger and the timingwheel connecting the actuating means of the batting-machine with the means for progressin the ware-boards through the drying stove; ig. 4 is an end elevation of the batting-machine and showing details of its clutchdevice; Fig. 5 is a front elevation of the battin -mach1ne and jigger showing details of t'e means connecting the actuating means of the batting-machine with the actuating means of the wareboards of the drying-stove; Fi 6 is an end elevation of the ji ger and urther illustrates the timing-w eel; Fig. 7 is an end elevation of the batting-machine showing further details of construction; and Figs. 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 illustrate details of construction to be hereinafter referred to.

In assembling the combined apparatuses, they are arranged as shown in Fig. 2, their order from left to right being the batting machine, A, the jigger, B, the drying-stove, C, and, preferably, a cleanin apparatus, D. The drying-stove is enclose by walls and top made of any suitable material and has two openings, one, a, at one end of the table of the batting-machine and jigger, and the other, I), at the adjacent end of the table of the cleaning device, D. Said openings may be closed by doors or shutters, if desired, and are in close roximity to the series of ware-boards which pass the same in the course of their progressive movement through v the drying-stove.

The batting-machine receives its motive power from a, motor, 1, belted to a pulley, 1, fixed on a horizontal shaft, 2, which also carries another pulley by which the jigger is operated. The batting-machine is operate by the pulley, 3, which is belted to an idler, 4, mounted on the vertical shaft 5, on which shaft is keyed the worm 6 which meshes with the worm-gear wheel 7 rigidly mounted on the horizontal shaft 8. Slidingly mounted on the shaft .5 and splined thereon is the clutch 9, which is connected with and 0p erable by the lever 10 mounted on the fulcrumin 11 su ported by the brackets 12 12. no end of said lever 10 is connected with a rod 13, which is operable b the treadle 14, and is normally held in its ower position by the weight 15 fixed thereon. The clutch 9 is, by said means, held normally out of contact with the idler 4. Supported b the brackets 12, 12 is a plate 16, throug which the shaft 5 passes, and the upper face of the clutch 9 is'adapted to contact with the lower face of said plate, thus inducing a braking-action to stop the rotation of the shaft 5 promptl when the clutch contacts with the late. lhe under face of the plate is preferahly provided with a leather or other coverin to expedite the braking-action and to cushion the parts when contacting. The,

lower end of the rod 13 throu h which the clutch 9 is operated is attache to one arm of the treadle-lever 17 (see Fi s. 11 and 12), which lever is fulcrumed on t e bracket 18. Said bracket 18 bears a pintle 19 on which is swung a latch 20, to the upper end of which is fixed the wei ht 21. The latch 20 is notched on one si e to receive a lug 22 which is formed on and which extends laterally from the lever 17, and at the upper endof the latch 20 is fixed the upwardly-extending finger 23. On the shaft 8, bearing the worm wheel 7 (see Fig. 4) is fixed a co lar 24 hearing a finger 25 which rotates with said shaft 8 in a lane in which lies the finger 23 of the late 20, so that the fingers 23 and 25 will contact with each other on each complete revolution of the shaft 8.

On shaft 8 is fixed the cam 26 which is in constant contact with a friction roller 27 mounted on one end of the lever 28 (see Fig. 4). A rod 29connects the other end of the lever 28 with one end of the arm 30, which arm carries adjustably fixed to its other end the batting tool to co-act with the rotatable head 31 fixed on the top of the vertic i il shaft 5. F d ted eji ger see i 5an 6 isopera indepen ently of the li atting machine by another ulley 33 on the drive-shaft 2 Ssee Fig. 3} which pulley is belted to an i ler 34, on'the vertical shaft 35. A clutch and. brake 36, similar to the clutch and brake of the batting-machine, is mounted on said shaft 35. Said clutch and brake is operated regulated and controlled by the treadle 37 through the treadle-lever, the rod 38 and lever 39 fulcrumed on a in 40 fixed on a bracket 41. The brakingace of the clutch is normally held in contact with the lower face of the plate 42 by the counterweight 43 on the end of the lever 89. The molding or jigger tool 44 is adjustably fixed u n the counterweiglhted pull-down 45 whic is op erated by t e handle 46.

7 body of the stove is The dry -stove which is more particularly descriiie d in United States Letters Patent No. 1,289,976, hereinabove mentioned, is provided with a casing which encloses series of sprocket wheels 47 located on both sides of t e stove at the top and near the bottom thereof, upon which are wcarried endless sprocket-chains 48, and on which chains are suspended'a series of multiple ware-boards 49 extending transverse] of the stove. The ivided into several compartments by partitions 50 so placed that the ware-boards 1n their progress through the stove willclear them at their upper and lower ends and pass without hindrance from compartment to compartment. The interior of the stove is heated by steam passin through pipes 51 extending transversely o the stove, fresh air being admitted to the interior of the stove through openings 52 in its walls. At the top of t e stove are placed the transverse ventilating pipes 53 havin ogenin 54 in their walls (see Figs 1 and 2? t roug which the moisture laden air within the stove is drawn off by the aid of a fan 55 (see Fig. 1) and discharged outside the building in which the stove is located. The extent of draft caused by said fan in the ventllatllslg pipes may be regulated by the dampers The means for progressing the wareboards through the several compartments of the stove are driven by the transverse shaft 56 which carries at or near each of its ends a sprocket-wheel 47, said wheels servmg to drive the sprocket-chains 48 passing over the other. sprocket-wheels of the stove.

The means for operating the drive-shaft, 56 are shown in Figs. 3. 5, 6, 8, 9 and 10' of the drawings e and of the drive-shaft 56 extends outwardly through the side-wall of the stove and has keyed upon it the disc or wheel 57. The periphery of said wheel 57 has formed in it several series of recesses. The recesses of each series are spaced equally apart throu hout said series and extend entirely aroun the circumference of the wheel,

one of t e series differs from the spacing between. the of each of the other series. Fixed to the underside of the top of the frame supporting the jig r and the battin -machine is the pin 59 w ich is held to sai frame by the U-bolts 60, 61. Swivelled on the outer end of the in 59 is the boss 62 formed integral with t e legggarm 63. Also swivelled on said in 59 and bolted to said lever-arm 63 is t e lever-arm 64, substantial] .at right-angles with said leverarm 63. e lever-arm 63 carries at its lower end a friction roller 65, which contacts with a cam 66 fixed u n the shaft 8. Embracing the w eel 57 and loose u n the drive-shaft 56 are two arms 67. See Figs. 3 and 8.) These arms are joined toget her at' their outer ends by a bolt, 69

assed through inwardly rojecting bosses formed on said arms. ee Fig. 3.) Be- ,tween and in said arms is rigidly fixed the vided with the lon 'tudinal groove 73.

Mounted on said pin 1 is the driving-pawl 74 (see Figs. 8, 9 and 10 having a bore in its boss of a diameter su cient to permitit to embrace any part of the pin 71. A pllotscrew 7 5 is inserted through the boss of the pawl far enough to project inwardly in the grooves 72 and 73. By this construction the pawl 74 may be turned upon the pin 71 until the projecting end of the pilot-screw is brou ht into line with the longitudinal groove 3 and can be moved from one of the ooves 72 into any other of said circumie rential grooves to hold the pawl in line therewith until changed at the will of the operator. Thus the lip of the pawl may be brought into operative connection with the recesses 58 of any one of the series thereof encircling the periphery of the wheel 57, in one or another of which recesses said lip is normall held by the action of the weight 76. (See l ig. 8.) On the outer .end of the lever-arm 64, mounted on the pin 59, is the shackle 77 connecting said arm 64 with the arms 67 (see Figs. 3 and 8,) and at each upward movement of said arm 64 the arms 67 are drawn slightl upward and the pawl 74 turns the wheel 5 a small part of a revolution, thus also turning the drive-shaft 56 slightlyand causing the sprocket-chains of the stove to force a sli ht progression of all of the wareboards within the stove. All reverse action of the apparatusis prevented by the check-pawl 78 (see Fig. 8,) the lip of which normally gravitates into one of the recesses of the same series in which the pawl 74 is operating means for shifting the stove is cleaned.

This cleaning apparatus consists of a simple hand-turned wheel or head, 79, mounted upon a table 80. In the top of the table are formed 0 enings, 81, around the head 79. Under the ta 1c is a tank, 82, for water, into which the heavier particles of clay stripped from the were being cleaned may fall, while the dust generated by the work is drawn through said openings 81 and into and through the ventilating pipe'82 by the action of the fan 55 and is finally discharged by said fan without the building.

The operation of the combined apparatuses thus described is as follows :The jiggerman deposits a lump of tempered clay upon the rotative head of the batting-machine and depresses the treadle of the machine with his foot. Such action forces the clutch of the machine into contact with the idler pulley on the shaft 5, en porting the head, and rotates said shaft an head. The operators foot is then immediately removed from the treadle, which is held in its depressed position by the en gement of the stud 22 with the notch in t e latch 20 until the finger 25 makes a complete revolution 'with the shaft 8 and contacts with the findepresses the rod 13, throwing the clutch 9 out of contact with its actuating pulley and into frictional contact, with the plate 12, thus stopping the rotation of shaft 5 and of shaft 8, connected with shaft 5 by the wormgear, and throwing the treadle again into operative position. While the shaft 8 has been making its single revolution it has, through the means of the cam thereon and the angle-lever and the pawl described, forced the recessed wheel 57 to turn a small part of a revolution and moved the ware boards of the drying-stove a short distance upward by the opening a in the stove-casing and downward by the opening b in. the other end thereof; and in such new positions said ware-boards remain until the batting-machine is again set in motion by depressing its treadle. The jiggerman having taken an empty mold from the ware-board within the stove at the opening a and placed it u on the jiggerhead B, takes from the battingmachine-head A, the'finished bat with one hand, while with his other handhe places another ball of clay upon the said battinghead. He then places the finished; bat upon the mold on the jigger-head, depresses the treadle 14 to start the batting machine in motion, depresses the treadle of the jigger' and manipulates the pull-down to form the bat on the jigger-head into the intended form. This done, he releases the treadle and clutch of the jig ge rfbrin "ing the ji gerhead to rest, and removes t e mold wit the formed piece of ware thereon, and places it upon the ware-board within the stove atthe opening a, and takes from the said wareboard another empty mold, and places it upon the jigger-head to repeat said operation. In the mean time the batting machine is in operation forming another bat, and automatically comes to as full stop, enabling the operator to remove the newly made bat from the batting-head to the mold on the jigger-head and proceed with his work as described. These-operations of the batting machine and the ji ger are continueduntil enough pieces of mo ded wareon their molds are placed upon the wareboard 'to fill it, by which time the ware-boards will have pro gressed through the stove sufiiciently to bring the next succeedin ware-board of the series opposite the opening a; and the operation of filling that board with molded ware is proceeded with in the same manner. By the time the ware reaches the opening Eat the other end of the stove it is thoroughly dried and is removed through said opening by the finisher and finished in the usual manner; and is ready for the biscuit kiln.

As will be understood, the rate of speed at which the ware-boards are progressed through the stove and ast the openi a and b is determined by t e Speed with fiich the 'iggerman works and the sizes of the mol s ip use. The jiggerman ma be molding various sizes of were in the aily work, at one time of such size that only five pieces could be placed upon a ware-board, while at other times six or seven pieces might be reuired to fill the board. At each change in t esize of the molds the jiggerman changes the ositions of the driving. pawl and the checfi pawl co-acting with ,the recesses in the periphery of the wheel 57 so as to bring them into line with that series of-recesses which .are so s aced apart as to time the progression of tlie ware-boards to the operations of the jigger and afford sufficient time for filling each ware-board with ware of the size next to be molded without dela ing its progress begond the time requisite fhr such purpose. ur invention thus secures the full utilization of the capacity of the drying stove, increases the output, and dispenses with the work oftwo operatives, a batter-out and a runner, both of whom are necessarily em loyed when our invention is not used.

t will be noted that the means devised for braking the batting machine and jigger are'such as to prevent any upward or lateral thrusts upon the vertical driving shafts of those machines when the brakes are ap lied, the clutches with their braking faces being arranged to slide upon the shafts and to contact with plates fixed to the frames of the machines and entirely free of the shafts,

whereby wear of bearings and waste of power are obviated. t

We have illustrated our invention with the combined machines so arran ed that the operation of the ware-boards o the drying stove is controlled by the operation of the batting machine; .but while we consider this the most efiicientand satisfactory arrangement of the machines, the movementsof the ware-boards may readily be controlled by the operation of the jigger by slight modifiv cations of the means shown and described, while, if preferred, either the batting machine or the jigger may be omitted from the combination and the machine retained arranged to progress the ware-boards through the stove synchronously with the operation of the machine. We have, therefore, in some 1,4os,ees

of our-claims, used the term machine for forming clay to indicate either a batting machine or a jig er.

nized with the operation of said machine,

and means for automatically stoppin the operation of said machine at a pre etermined-s'tage of its 0 eration. r

2. In apparatus 0 the class described, the combination of a machine for forming, clay and a dryin stove means intermediate said machine an said ware-boards of sai stove' are pro through said stove synchronously with the operation of said machine, and means for varying therate of movement of said wareboards relatively to the speed of operation of said machine.

3. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a. machine" for forming clay and a drying stove having a plurahty'of compartments and a series of movable wareboard's, means for progressing said wareboards through the compartments of said stove, means intermediate said machine and said stove whereby the movements of said ware-boards is synchronized with and controlled by the .'operation of .said machine, and means for automatically stoppiag the operation of said machine at a p etermined stage of its 0 eration.

ment of said ware-boards is synchronizedwith and controlled by the operation of said machine, said means comprism a shaft, rotatable b t e driving shaft 0 said machine, and an g a cam, a lever contacting with said cam, a wheel connected with the driving shaft of said stove, and means on said lever adapted to contact with'and rotate said wheel. v

5 In apparatus'of the class described, the combination of a machine for formin clay and a drying stove having a series 0 movable ware-boards, means intermediate said stove and said machine whereby the movement of said ware-boards is synchronized with and controlled by the operation of said machine, said means comprising a shaft, rotatable b chine, and having a cam,-a' lever contacting with said cam, a wheel connected with the driving member of said stove, means on said lever adapted to contact with and rotate Eying stove whereby the the driving shaft of said ma-.

said wheel, and means for stopping the rotation of the driving shaft of said machine automatically upon each full rotation of said cam-shaft. p

6. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a machine for forming clay and a drying stove having a series of movable ware-boards, means intermediate said stove and said machine, whereby the movement of said ware-boards is synchronized with and controlled by the operation of said machine, said means comprising a shaft rotatable by the driving shaft of said machine, and having a cam, a lever contactin with said cam, a wheel connected with the riving member of said stove and having a plurality of peripheral series of recesses, the recesses of each series bein spaced apart differently from the recesses 0% the other series, a ratchet carried by said lever adapted to enter said recesses and force said wheel in a partial revolution and to be retracted from the recesses by the reverse movement of said lever, and means for shifting said ratchet into alignment with any of said series of recesses at will.

RICHARD HANBURY WAINFORD. C. HARRY DARLING.

Witnesses:

V. B. Low'rnoar, JOHN R. D. Bowen. 

